Konstantin Druzhynin
Konstantin Ivanovich Druzhinin (1863-1914) was a Russian major general, hero of the Russo—Japanese War, military publicist and writer. He came from the Druzhinin noble family. He was born on March 8 (20), 1863. He graduated from the Page Corps (1881, his name is written on a marble plaque), was released from the page chambers to the sub-lieutenants of the 3rd Guards and Grenadier Artillery Brigade with secondment to the Life Guards of the 1st Artillery Brigade. Ranks: Warrant Officer of the Guard (1882), lieutenant (1884), lieutenant (1885), staff captain (for distinction, 1889), captain (1890), Lieutenant Colonel (1895), Colonel (for distinction, 1899), Major General (1907). In 1889 he graduated from the Nikolaev Academy of the General Staff (1st class), for excellent achievements he was awarded a small silver medal and promoted to staff captain. He served as senior adjutant of the staff of the 2nd Guards Cavalry Division (1890-1894), chief officer (1894-1895) and staff officer (1895-1900) for assignments at the headquarters of the Guard troops and the St. Petersburg Military District. In 1893-1894, he served as a censored squadron commander in the 43rd Dragoon Tver Regiment. He was Chief of Staff of the 1st Guards Cavalry Division (1900-1902). He taught at the General Staff Academy. Based on his lectures, he wrote the book "Essays
from the History of Cavalry" (1899), thanks to which he became known as a military theorist. The next book, A Study of the Strategic Activities of the German Cavalry in the 1870 campaign, was awarded the General Leer Prize. On September 11, 1902, he retired due to illness. He served in the management of the St. Petersburg-Warsaw Railway. With the beginning of the Russian-Japanese war, he voluntarily returned to service, was assigned to the Primorsky Dragoon Regiment (1904-1906), with which he participated in the battles of Tongxinpu, Tasagou, Liaoyang, Benshihu and Mukden. He was shell-shocked in a battle near the village of Yansitun. He was awarded a number of orders and a Golden weapon "For Bravery" (1905). From September 1906 to March 1908, he was the chief of the military staff of the Ural Cossack Army. On June 10, 1908, he resigned. Russian Russian Army In 1909 he published the book "Memoirs of the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905 of a volunteer participant" (reprinted in 1912), in which he criticized the organization of the Russian army during the war and, in particular, the actions of General Kuropatkin. He constantly collaborated in military publications: "Military collection", "Russian invalid", "Scout" and "Officer's life". On December 25, 1913, the weekly "Smoke of the Fatherland" published an article "Remember the war! "she's close." In addition, he participated in the monarchist movement: from 1911 he was a candidate member, and from 1913 a member of the Main Chamber of the Mikhail Archangel Union, he was a participant in the 5th All-Russian Congress of Russian People in St. Petersburg in May 1912. He advocated the need for military-patriotic education at school. With the outbreak of World War I, he was accepted from retirement into military service with the appointment of commander of the 1st Brigade of the 26th Infantry Division. He participated in a campaign in East Prussia, on August 27, 1914, he was killed by a shell explosion while defending positions by a brigade near the village of Tiergarten.
The Primorsky Dragoon Regiment is a separate cavalry regiment of the Russian Imperial Army, the only regiment of regular cavalry in the Far East. Regimental holiday: June 29 (the day of the Holy Apostles Peter and Paul). Seniority: since May 24, 1869. Location: Novokievskoye. May 24, 1869 — To occupy the land border of the South Ussuri Territory and its protection, the Ussuri Cossack Cavalry Hundred was formed, staffed by hunters (volunteers) from the Trans-Baikal and Amur troops and lower ranks of linear battalions, which became the ancestor of the Primorsky Dragoon Regiment.. January 6, 1881 — Renamed the "Ussuri Cavalry Hundred", the 2nd hundred has been formed. April 30, 1891 — The 1st and 2nd Ussuri Horse Hundreds were renamed the 1st and 2nd Primorye. March 15, 1895 — the 1st and 2nd Primorsky Hundreds were merged into the Primorsky Cavalry Division, the division from the Cossack troops was transferred to the army cavalry. May 2, 1898 — The Primorsky Mounted Division was deployed to the dragoon regiment of four squadrons. June 29, 1898 — On the day of the regimental holiday, the adoption of the Standard (granted on May 6, 1897). 1900 - Joined six squadrons. 1900-1902 — Participated in the Chinese campaign. 1904-1905 — Participated in the Russian-Japanese War. 1914 — The commander of the regiment appealed to Tsarevich Alexei Nikolaevich with a petition for the appointment of the regiment to the active army. 1914-1917 — Participated in the First World War as part of the Ussuri Mounted Brigade (from 1916 division). June 1 (14), 1915 — Crossed the Venta near Popelyany and cut down 5 German cavalry regiments
(9th and 13th Dragoons, 1st, 2nd and 12th Hussars) in a counter battle. The trophies of the Primorye people were: 1 officer of the 12th Hussar regiment, 1 officer of the 9th Dragoon regiment, 48 lower ranks of the 9th and 13th Dragoon regiments, the 12th Hussar, 1st and 2nd Life Hussar regiments, 69 horses, a camp kitchen and 9 wagons. On June 5, units of the regiment conducted a successful raid on the tactical rear of the enemy. 1917 — Participated in the campaign against Petrograd. February 1918 — Disbanded. 1919 — Restored in Primorye to fight the Bolsheviks. 1920 — Ceased to exist.
The family of nobles Druzhinins originates in St. Petersburg during the time of Catherine the Second. At her office, Alexander Vasilyevich DRUZHININ served as the "ruler of Her Majesty's own treasury", who in 1783 received the rank of Collegiate Assessor and with him hereditary nobility, and in 1791 his family was included in the third part of the genealogical book of the St. Petersburg province.
Awards: Insignia of the Imperial Order of Saint Stanislaus and of the Imperial Order of Saint Anna, signs of the Page Corps, the General Staff Academy and the Union of Michael the Archangel, also Golden Weapon for Bravery.
